Optical metasurfaces (OMs) offer unprecedented control over electromagnetic waves, enabling advanced optical multiplexing. The emergence of deep learning has opened new avenues for designing OMs. However, existing deep learning methods for OMs primarily focus on forward design, which limits their design capabilities, lacks global optimization, and relies on prior knowledge. Additionally, most OMs are static, with fixed functionalities once processed. To overcome these limitations, we propose an inverse design deep learning method for dynamic OMs. Our approach comprises a forward prediction network and an inverse retrieval network. The forward prediction network establishes a mapping between meta-unit structure parameters and reflectance spectra. The inverse retrieval network generates a library of meta-unit structure parameters based on target requirements, enabling end-to-end design of OMs. By incorporating the dynamic tunability of the phase change material Sb2Te3 with inverse design deep learning, we achieve the design and verification of dynamic multifunctional OMs. Our results demonstrate OMs with multiple information channels and encryption capabilities that can realize multiple physical field optical modulation functions. When Sb2Te3 is in the amorphous state, near-field nano-printing based on meta-unit amplitude modulation is achieved for X-polarized incident light, while holographic imaging based on meta-unit phase modulation is realized for circularly polarized light. In the crystalline state, the encrypted information remains secure even with the correct polarization input, achieving double encryption. This research points towards ultra-compact, high-capacity, and highly secure information storage approaches.

为了研究磁流变抛光液中磨粒团聚对光学玻璃元件的磨损性能，利用环境可控的直线往复式摩擦磨损试验机，以不锈钢球为对磨副，以熔石英为基底，系统地研究了磁流变抛光液中纳米金刚石磨粒团聚程度对熔石英摩擦磨损性能的影响，并利用光学显微镜、白光干涉仪等设备分析熔石英的磨损机制，最后将摩擦学实验结果与实际磁流变抛光结果进行对比。实验结果表明：纳米金刚石磨粒团聚程度越大，熔石英表面的材料去除率越大，磨损区域亚表面损伤情况越严重。当载荷为0.5 N时，熔石英在团聚磨粒作用下的磨损主要以黏着磨损为主，伴随着轻微的磨粒磨损，同时熔石英的亚表面无明显损伤；当载荷从0.5 N增加到4 N时，熔石英的磨损形式以磨粒磨损为主，熔石英的表面和亚表面出现大量损伤。采用相同磨粒团聚程度的抛光液进行熔石英磨损与磁流变抛光实验发现，熔石英在磁流变抛光过程中的材料去除率与磨损实验的材料去除率变化趋势保持一致，表明借助摩擦磨损实验在一定程度上可以预测实际磁流变抛光中的材料去除率。

The Zeeman splitting effect is observed in a strong magnetic field generated by a laser-driven coil. The expanding plasma from the coil wire surface is concentrated at the coil center and interacts with the simultaneously generated magnetic field. The Cu I spectral lines at wavelengths of 510.5541, 515.3235, and 521.8202 nm are detected and analyzed. The splittings of spectral lines are used to estimate the magnetic field strength at the coil center as ∼31.4 ± 15.7 T at a laser intensity of ∼5.6 × 10¹⁵ W/cm², which agrees well with measurements using a B-dot probe. Some other plasma parameters of the central plasma disk are also studied. The temperature is evaluated from the Cu I spectral line intensity ratio, while the electron density is estimated from the Stark broadening effect.